Chemical Identity
| Name | β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | β-NAD, NAD, Coenzyme I, DPN (diphosphopyridine nucleotide) |
| CAS Number | 53-84-9 |
| Molecular Formula | C21H27N7O14P2 |
| Molecular Weight | 663.43 g/mol |
| Sequence | Nicotinamide mononucleotide–pyrophosphate–adenosine monophosphate |
| Structure Class | Pyridine dinucleotide: nicotinamide riboside and adenosine linked by a pyrophosphate bridge — a small molecule, not a peptide |
Mechanisms at a Glance
- As a cofactor it accepts a hydride to become NADH and is re-oxidized back, shuttling electrons through glycolysis, the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
- As a substrate it is irreversibly consumed by sirtuins, PARPs and CD38, which cleave the nicotinamide–ribose bond — this consumption is the basis of the ageing literature around it
- Tissue NAD+ concentrations have been reported to decline with age across several species; whether that decline is causal or consequential is still debated
- Hygroscopic and unstable in aqueous solution, particularly at alkaline pH
Research Applications
- Enzyme assays requiring a redox cofactor
- Sirtuin, PARP and CD38 activity studies
- Mitochondrial and metabolic-flux research
Handling & Storage
Store lyophilized material at −20 °C, desiccated and protected from light; after reconstitution, keep solutions at 2–8 °C and use within 28 days. NAD+ is hygroscopic and hydrolyses in solution; keep the vial sealed and desiccated, and prepare aqueous solutions immediately before use rather than storing them. See our storage and stability guide and reconstitution guide for technique and diluent selection.
Regulatory Status
NAD+ is a biochemical reagent and is not approved by the FDA as a drug for any indication. Material supplied by Aclopiel is strictly for in-vitro laboratory research and is not for human or veterinary use.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is NAD+?
NAD+ is the central redox cofactor of intermediary metabolism — a dinucleotide, not a peptide. It is listed in this library because it is bought and studied alongside peptides constantly, and because its two distinct roles are routinely conflated.
What is the CAS number of NAD+?
NAD+ is registered under CAS number 53-84-9. Its molecular formula is C21H27N7O14P2 and its molecular weight is 663.43 g/mol.
How should NAD+ be stored?
Store lyophilized NAD+ at −20 °C, desiccated and protected from light. After reconstitution, keep it at 2–8 °C and use it within 28 days. NAD+ is hygroscopic and hydrolyses in solution; keep the vial sealed and desiccated, and prepare aqueous solutions immediately before use rather than storing them.
Is NAD+ approved for human use?
NAD+ is a biochemical reagent and is not approved by the FDA as a drug for any indication. Aclopiel supplies it strictly for in-vitro laboratory research; it is not for human or veterinary use.
Is NAD+ a peptide?
No. It is a dinucleotide of 663.43 g/mol — nicotinamide riboside and adenosine joined by a pyrophosphate bridge. It has no amino-acid sequence and is stocked because it is used in the same laboratories and the same assays as the peptides around it.
Is NAD+ interchangeable with NMN or NR?
No. NMN and NR are precursors with different pharmacokinetics and different transport routes. Vendor literature frequently conflates the three; confirm which species your experimental design requires before ordering.
How should solutions be prepared?
Fresh, cold, and used promptly. NAD+ hydrolyses in aqueous solution and degrades on repeated freeze–thaw, so the powder is stored desiccated and solutions are made up immediately before use rather than stored.
Alternative Designations & Synonyms
NAD+ also appears in the literature and supplier listings under the following names and codes:
- β-NAD
- NAD
- Coenzyme I
- DPN (diphosphopyridine nucleotide)
- DPN
- Diphosphopyridine nucleotide
References
Covarrubias AJ et al., Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021;22:119-141; Cantó C, Menzies KJ, Auwerx J, Cell Metab 2015;22:31-53; Yoshino J et al., Cell Metab 2018;27:513-528.